Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Permeable Pavements

Abstract

Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) address the challenges of urban stormwater management by mimicking natural processes to manage runoff and enhance water quality. This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of permeable pavements, a key component of SUDS, assessing their types, design characteristics, benefits, and limitations. Permeable pavements, including porous asphalt, permeable concrete, pervious pavers, and grass pavers, are examined for their hydrological performance, load-bearing capacity, and maintenance needs. The study highlights their effectiveness in reducing flood risks, improving water quality, and mitigating the urban heat island effect. Economic considerations are discussed, noting the initial higher costs of installation versus long-term savings from reduced infrastructure needs and environmental benefits. Challenges such as maintenance requirements, climate and soil conditions, and aesthetic integration are explored. Case studies from urban streets, residential and commercial developments, and public spaces illustrate practical applications and success stories. The paper concludes with a look at future innovations, including technological advancements and smart system integration, which promise to enhance the performance and adaptability of permeable pavements in sustainable urban planning.