Advanced Techniques for Vibration Control in High-Speed Rotating Machinery

Abstract

High-speed rotating machinery is integral to modern industrial systems, yet its operation often leads to significant vibration issues that can impact performance, safety, and longevity. This paper presents a comprehensive review of advanced techniques for vibration control in such machinery, encompassing both active and passive methods. Active vibration control strategies include adaptive controllers, active magnetic bearings (AMBs), and piezoelectric actuators, which dynamically counteract vibrations. Passive methods focus on using damping materials and tuned mass dampers (TMDs) to absorb and mitigate vibrational energy. Hybrid systems, combining active and passive elements, offer enhanced performance across varying frequencies. Dynamic balancing techniques, including balancing machines and online balancing systems, address imbalances in real-time. Modal analysis, using both finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental modal analysis, helps in understanding and optimizing machinery design. Fault detection and diagnosis are advanced through vibration monitoring systems and machine learning algorithms. Optimized design approaches, such as improved component design and material selection, contribute to better vibration control. This paper synthesizes these methods, providing insights into their applications, effectiveness, and future directions for research and development in high-speed rotating machinery vibration control.