BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOPARTICLES FOR DISEASES PREVENTIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an evolving technology that addresses nanosized particles with important roles and applications in science. Accumulated nanotechnology expertise is provided by disciplines such as chemistry, biology, physics and engineering, materials science, and health sciences. Nevertheless, it has wide applications in genetics, electronics, and medicine in particular. Nanoparticles, targeted at the drug delivery system, are based on the mechanism of trapping the drugs or biomolecules into the particles' inner structure; another mechanism may be to absorb the drugs or biomolecules on the particles' outer surfaces. Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used for drug delivery, proteins, genes, vaccines, polypeptides, nucleic acids, etc. Different applications of the drug delivery system through NPs have encountered a huge role in the pharmaceutical, medical, biological, and other sectors in recent years. This analysis focuses on the comprehensive profile of NPs, their effect on biology and medicine, and their commercialization prospects, taking into account the impact of NPs on drug delivery systems.