A REVIEW ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF MAGNETIC SENSORS

Abstract

It is possible to distinguish magnetic sensors according to whether they calculate the overall magnetic field or the magnetic field vector components. Current research investigates the kinds of magnetic sensors that are currently available. For several decades, magnetic sensors have aided mankind in analysing and monitoring thousands of functions. The methods used to manufacture all types of magnetic sensors include many facets of physics and electronics, most of them focused on the intimate relation between magnetic and electrical phenomena. Here, we identify and compare most of the different magnetic field sensing technologies utilized. These include search coil, fluxgate, optically pumped, nuclear precession, SQUID, Hall Effect, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, magnetic tunnel junctions, giant magnetoimpedance, hybrid magnetostrictive/piezoelectric, magnetodiode, magnetotransistor, magnetic sensors based on fibre optic, magnetooptic, and microelectromechanical devices. It also presents the use of these sensors in relation to interacting in or around the magnetic field of the Earth.